7-8-toplivosnabzhenie-dizelnogo-dvigatelya-bazovaya-konstrukciya.html

7.8. Топливоснабжение the diesel engine – a base design

Contrary to petrol engines of system of injection in diesel engines work with high system pressure. Fuel pumps, including and regulating periphery, thoroughly differ from "petrol". Technically in diesel engines distributive fuel pumps, systems Common-Rail and "pump-atomizer" distinguish line ТНВД, плунжерные. Under cowls both Mondeo with diesel engines fuel giving it is direct in combustion chambers make плунжерные distributive fuel pumps (Bosch VP30/66 кВт/90 h.p.; Bosch VP44/85 кВт/115 h.p.) on pressure head pipelines and through atomizers with six apertures. The fuel pump in DuraTorg is resulted by means of a duplex chain from a cranked shaft.

Distributive ТНВД

Giving and fuel tap is made separately.

On the top party of the pump the electronic block of management of the pump (PCU) settles down. It uses the information of the gauge of an angle of rotation, and also the block of management of transmission (РСМ) and processes it for generating of operating signals for the electromagnetic valve of a high pressure and system of regulation of the beginning of giving of fuel.

Identical lengths – pipelines for fuel giving to atomizers

Fuel arrives to atomizers on pressure head pipelines of identical length. Nozzles are connected by tightening screws to a head of the block of cylinders. Copper condensing rings protect their ends from direct contact to surrounding details. Replacement of condensing washers usually is made after each dismantle of a nozzle.

Fuel giving

Atomizers Mondeo have rather thin design (штифтовая an atomizer). The direction of injection from six apertures is focused approximately in the centre on specially профилированную a cavity of the chamber of combustion in the piston in the cylinder. In 85-KW-engine other variants of atomizers in comparison with 66-KW-engine are used. Atomizers are differently calibrated that leads to various speeds of passage of fuel.

Electronics and mechanics

2,0-litre DuraTorg-DI-engines Ford work with modern regulating technics. Their blocks of management of transmission (РСМ) use the 32-bit tyre and the CAN-tyre for data transmission.

In detail – management of system of injection DuraTorg-DI

Gauges and актуаторы under a cowl of engine Mondeo with DuraTorg-DI 85 kw

The block of management of transmission (РСМ/PATS it is integrated): «the Central director's panel» control systems of engines DuraTorg-DI settles down sideways behind a lateral covering in space for feet in front on the right. The onboard computer with 104 codes processes current volume of the data from various zones of the engine and compares them to the fixed parametres established at factory. For the system analysis at stations Ford exclusively diagnostic device WDS is used. Its connection is made by means of a 16-polar diagnostic socket (DLC) in a motor compartment.

The temperature gauge of a head of the block of cylinders (СНТ): the SNT-GAUGE is from outside transmissions in a head of the block of cylinders. It does not carry out measurements of temperature of a cooling liquid, as usually in old engines Ford, and actual temperature of a head of the block of cylinders. Its signals influence injection volume, the injection beginning, frequency of rotation at idling, managements of candles накаливания, EGR-system, and also indication of temperature of a cooling liquid and management of the radiator fan.

The item gauge of a cranked shaft (СКР): the SKR-GAUGE registers is inductive exact angular position of a cranked shaft, and also current frequency of rotation of the engine. Its signals are significant for volume of an injected gas mixture and the injection beginning. The gauge settles down sideways on a transmission flange.

The gauge рециркуляции the fulfilled gas with the valve (EGR/only the engine of 66 kw): this gauge of position transfers on РСМ the information on current position of the EGR-valve. It forms separate constructive knot with the valve.

The gauge of absolute pressure in the inlet pipeline with the gauge of temperature of inlet air (T-MAR): It is in the soaking up pipeline between a cooler наддувочного air and an inlet collector and performs from the case work of the gauge of absolute pressure in the inlet pipeline and the gauge of temperature of inlet air. The T-T-gauge minimises taking place losses of capacity at movement on mountain district and inclined sites of roads thanks to that he instantly establishes a current working condition of the engine at idling and full loading. Measured value is barometric pressure in the inlet pipeline. This data writes down and processes РСМ as basic pressure for corresponding pressure in the inlet pipeline at various conditions of loading.

To consider influence of temperature on density наддувочного air, the IAT-gauge registers temperature наддувочного air. Its signals uses РСМ for reception of correcting parametres at calculation of pressure of pressurisation. In such union the T-T-gauge gives the information on РСМ on which basis the volume of air weight, наддуваемой in the engine pays off. All it makes impact also on quantity of injected fuel and system EGR.

Only for the engine on 85 kw

The 85-KW th a variant uses the MAR-SIGNAL in addition to management of pressure of pressurisation in variable турбонагнетателе. As soon as the actual measured value deviates from set on the parametrical characteristic in РСМ values, РСМ regulates pressure of pressurisation by means of the corresponding electromagnetic valve.

Air flowmeter (MAF): the MAF-gauge works by a principle нагретой a wire. It "is inserted" into an air pipe behind the air filter and basically operates EGR-system.

The gauge of position of a pedal of an accelerator (АРР): to change capacity of the engine according to position of a pedal of an accelerator, РСМ is guided by the data about ARR-GAUGE position. Basically this gauge works similarly to a potentiometer which by means of three sliding contacts measures angular movings of a pedal of an accelerator. At refusal of two contacts the engine works only on the raised turns of idling. The switch of idling and the foot switch is built in the ARR-GAUGE. РСМ compares a signal from the switch of idling to a potentiometer signal on reliability.

The gauge of pressure of air (BARO/only for the engine of 85 kw): the Gauge settles down in salon, in the left arm of an intensifying element of a forward rack, behind a guard of devices. In order to avoid a black smoke it supplies РСМ with current values of dominating pressure of air. On the basis of sent signals the onboard COMPUTER corrects pressure of pressurisation and actual volume of injection.

The switch of brake illumination and brake pedal (ВРР): the Signal from the switch of brake illumination includes brake lanterns and "supervises" the ARR-GAUGE (reliability check): at any process of braking frequency of rotation of the engine automatically falls to idling level.

Mondeo with system of regulation of speed

Not to stop system of regulation of speed already at "insignificant" pressure upon a brake pedal, upon the foreground the VRR-SWITCH with a long way of operation acts. In the beginning its signal arrives on the onboard COMPUTER which deduces system of regulation of speed from "game".

The switch of position of a pedal of coupling (СРР): This element signals РСМ about that, is available or there is no coupling. By pressing a coupling pedal the quantity of injected fuel quickly decreases to avoid engine jerks.

Mondeo with system of regulation of speed

In a combination with system of regulation of speed the second SRR-SWITCH is established. Its contacts by means of brake lanterns are connected with weight. In position of rest contacts are closed. Only at the pressed pedal of coupling the switch opens, therefore the system of regulation of speed does a pause in the work.

The electromagnetic valve рециркуляции the fulfilled gas (EGR): By means of the EGR-valve soaked up fresh air mixes up with a part of the fulfilled gas. It reduces the maintenance of oxides of nitrogen in the fulfilled gas. Mixing process operates РСМ: the electromagnetic valve will transform its clock signals to precisely set operating lowered pressure for mechanically working EGR-valve.

The electromagnetic valve of pressure of pressurisation (only in the engine of 85 kw): That optimal to co-ordinate pressure of pressurisation турбонагнетателя with a condition of loading of the engine, in 85-KW th the engine the supercharger with rigid directing blades and байпасным regulation, and the version with adjustable blades works not. That these blades constantly were in the certain position depending on a condition of loading of the engine, the electromagnetic valve of pressure of pressurisation receives clock signals with corresponding spatial parametrical characteristic РСМ. It will transform electric clock signals to the set operating lowered pressure which influences a component of low pressure for adjustment of pressure of pressurisation.

The electromagnetic valve заслонки the inlet pipeline: as soon as the engine stops, РСМ sends on the electromagnetic valve заслонки the inlet pipeline a corresponding signal. On its basis the valve operates according to a vacuum dose on заслонку the inlet pipeline and closes it for some seconds.

Having merged back in a fuel tank – superfluous fuel

Concerning quantity of fuel it is possible to tell that in systems of injection DuraTorg-DI constantly plies more fuel, than it is actually necessary. Atomizers also inject not all quantity of fuel into combustion chambers: superfluous fuel among the other is intended and to grease and cool moving details of the fuel pump and atomizers.

In engine DuraTorg-DI Mondeo there is, however, a function which prevents full опорожнение and by that "dry" work of installation. As soon as the solar oil stock will reach two percent, РСМ establishes the fuel pump on zero giving. Advantage: it is necessary to "air" usually Mondeo only after replacement of the fuel pump, otherwise it for you will execute a starter on the long period of start-up.

That at the working engine fuel could "travel" on system, diesel engines have accordingly submitting and drain pipelines. As well atomizers are integrated into them: they have a drain branch pipe and are with each other in contact by means шлангопровода (the pipeline for oil plum). From right concerning a direction of movement of an atomizer (the cylinder 1) fuel flows on the drain pipeline back to a fuel tank. The drain aperture of an atomizer of the fourth cylinder according to the given principle is condensed запорной with a stopper.

System of regulation of the engine

An engine food – so gets fuel to atomizers

The fuel pump forces on the closed system of pipelines (submitting and drain pipelines) diesel fuel from a tank through the fuel filter to ТНВД. In existing distributive ТНВД work of the fuel pump carries out шиберный the pump. It is in a round aperture directly in the pump case. As here it is a question of the soaking up pump and the compressor the same pump also transports diesel fuel in own zone of compression distributive ТНВД. Only in engine DuraTorg-DI of 85 kw «diesel goods turnover» in system supports additional