13.1. The storage battery and a starter

The accumulator – concepts and norms

The designation is on the case and characterises accumulator parametres. For example, «12V 70 Ah 210A» (12V (B) = rated voltage; 70Ah (А·ч) = nominal capacity; 210А = a current стартерного the category.

Rated voltage: the General return of pressure (dimension "In"). At all models Mondeo 12 V.Fakticheskoe pressure are established depends, naturally, from degree разряженности the accumulator. It can be more or less rating value.

Nominal capacity: Defines heat-sink ability of the accumulator (dimension «А·ч»). It is capacity which completely charged accumulator can possess at temperature 27 °С within 20 hours, and thus pressure will not be established by an element more low 10,5 In (final pressure of the category). Lay illumination of your car, for example, consumes 25 Watt. At pressure of an onboard network of 12 Volt the accumulator develops a current force 2,08 And, according to the formula «a current (= capacity (Vt) / pressure (». In the presence of the accumulator on 70 А·ч theoretically you Mondeo can be with included lay fire within nearby 30 hours. The accent here becomes on a word "theoretically", as in practice the accumulator already through approximately 10–15 ч. It will be completely discharged and powerless.

Capacity: the expense of a current Concluded in the accumulator in ampere-hours (А·ч). It depends first of all on a digit current, temperature, degree of a discharge and the general condition (ageing) of the accumulator.

Current of cold scrolling: Defines ability of start-up of the accumulator during cold time (dimension "And"). A certain digit current which can develop the accumulator on 12 Volt at temperature–18 °С. Thus pressure within 30 seconds will not fall more low 9 Volt, within 150 seconds accordingly 6 Volt.

Self-discharge: the Chemical processes proceeding in elements of the accumulator, cause its discharge – even if any consumer of a current is not connected. The charged almost new automobile accumulator loses daily about 0,5 % of the charge. Strong fluctuations of temperature, damage or the polluted case of the accumulator also accelerate discharge process.

Starter with compulsory inclusion and self-deenergizing with a reducer

At start the starter with compulsory inclusion and self-deenergizing inhales in Mondeo necessary «vital force».

Turn the ignition key in a direction "Start-up", through the ignition lock-switch (the plug 50) flows a current on the electromagnetic switch which is over a starter. It actuates an inclusion plug: it moves after that on an abrupt carving of a shaft of an anchor стартерную a gear wheel to a gear rim of a flywheel of the engine (a pushing course). In the end of a course of pushing the starter gear wheel "is established" directly ahead of a flywheel is a signal for the electromagnetic switch by means of the basic contacts «to open road» to an accumulator total current (the plug 30). The gear wheel is screwed in further in a gear rim and creates thereby power short circuit (a course ввинчивания) – the starter turns the engine. As soon as the engine submits the first «life signs» and you release the ignition key, the electromagnetic field vanishes in a keeping winding of the electromagnetic switch – a starting signal for a returnable spring that it has resulted an inclusion plug in a starting position. The starter gear wheel leaves gearing with a flywheel, the starter is already disconnected.



Starter with compulsory inclusion and self-deenergizing and a reducer. 1 — the drive Bearing, 2 — Starternaja a gear wheel, 3 — the inclusion Relay, 4 — the Conclusion the plug 30, 5 — the switchboard Bearing, 6 — the Plate for fastening of brushes with coal brushes, 7 — an excitation Winding, 8 — the pole Case, 9 — the Anchor, 10 — the Polar tip, 11 — Planetary transfer (reducer), 12 — the inclusion Lever, 13 — the inclusion Mechanism.